From
The Guardian
With the Catalonian city hosting
five times as many visitors as 20 years ago, there is a feeling among some
locals that the financial benefits are not worth the hassle (bother, nuisance, trouble).
First there were
mutterings (mumble, murmur, grumble) then there were street protests, but now
Barcelona is
showing signs of “tourist phobia”, the city’s guides are warning.
As many as nine million visitors are expected in Barcelona this year,
crammed into a few small areas of a city of 1.6 million inhabitants, more than
five times the number who visited 20 years ago. With the weak euro attracting
ever more tourists, and as many as 2.5 million visitors disembarking from
cruise ships a year, residents are feeling
besieged.
“People push us, give us dirty looks and make nasty remarks when we’re
showing tourists around,” said Mari Pau Alonso, president of Barcelona’s
Association of Professional Tourist Guides.
Even Jordi Clos, head of the city’s hoteliers’ association, which wants to
see visitor numbers rise to 10 million, says there is an “urgent need” to make
citizens more sympathetic to tourists, given the “sense of being
overwhelmed”
that people have experienced in recent years.
“If we don’t want to end up like Venice, we will have to put some kind of
limit in Barcelona,” said Ada Colau, the city’s new mayor, shortly after she
was elected in May. She is proposing a moratorium on new hotels and licenses
for apartments rented to tourists.
A survey for the Exceltur tourist group revealed that there are now twice as
many beds available in tourist apartments – some 138,000 – as there are in
hotels.
Tourist flats offer a more attractive and economic deal to visitors, and
their owners can expect rents at least 125% higher than they would receive from
long-term tenants. While many are let through large online organizations, such
as Airbnb, others are offered by homeowners trying to make ends meet during
Spain’s prolonged recession.
Tourists spend 25m euros (£18m) a
day in the city, and the industry accounts for 15% of Barcelona’s GDP and about
120,000 jobs. No one wants to drive tourists away, says Colau, but if the city
becomes a “theme park” people will stop coming.
Ciutat Vella, the heart of old
Barcelona and one of the most popular districts among tourists, has lost 13,000
residents in eight years, driven out by high rents and the relentless noise of
tourism. Many areas, such as the famous Las Ramblas or the area around the Sagrada Familia church, are in
effect no-go areas for residents.
Colau suggests encouraging tourists
to visit other parts of the city, but visitors are drawn to the old city, the Antoni
Gaudà buildings and Barceloneta’s
beaches. The city is the Mediterranean cruise capital and ships, some carrying
thousands of passengers, have a huge impact. Passengers are disgorged at the
city’s main sights and then leave, having bought little more than a souvenir
and a bottle of water during their time ashore.
Their social impact is seen by many
as hugely outweighing their financial contribution, leading some, Clos among
them, to suggest a tax on cruises. So far (thus far = hasta ahora), the 7m euros annual tax on hotels
has been spent on promoting tourism, but the Catalan parliament is now
considering using it to alleviate the industry’s effects.
Francesc Muñoz, professor of
urbanization at Barcelona’s Universitat Autònoma, goes further. “Why can’t
hotel chains finance schools and nurseries?” he asks. “Why can’t cruise
companies pay for roadworks?” That way, he argues, residents would see some
palpable return for putting up with the tourist invasion.