Religion

(Nouns)
agnostic ... el agnóstico / la agnóstica
Anglican ... el anglicano / la anglicana
atheism ... el ateismo
atheist ... el ateo / la atea
authority ... la autoridad
belief ... la creencia
believer ... el/la creyente
Buddha ... Buda
Buddhism ... el budismo
Buddhist ... el/la budista
Calvinist ... el/la calvinista
cantor ... el cantor / la cantora
Catholic ... el católico / la católica
Christ ... Cristo
Christian ... el cristiano / la cristiana
conscience ... la conciencia
conversion ... la conversión
covenant ... la alianza, el pacto
creed ... el credo
cross ... la cruz
disciple ... el discípulo / la discípula
doctrine ... la doctrina
duty ... el deber, la obligación
ecumenism ... el ecumenismo
evil ... el mal, la maldad
faith ... la fe
fast, fasting ... la ayuna
follower ... el seguidor / el discípulo / la discípula
forgiveness ... el perdón
free will ... la libre voluntad
fundamentalism ... el fundamentalismo
fundamentalist ... el/la fundamentalista
god ... el dios
goddess ... la diosa
gospel ... el evangelio
grace ... la gracia
heaven ...el cielo, el paraíso
Hebrew ...el hebreo / la hebrea
hell ... el infierno
Hindu ... el/la hindú
Hinduism ... el hinduismo
holiness ... la santidad
Holy Spirit ... el espíritu santo
hope ... la esperanza
human (being)... el (ser) humano
humanism ... el humanismo
humanist ... el/la humanista
humanity ... la humanidad
infallibility ... la infalibilidad
Islam ... el Islam
Jehovah ... Jehová
Jehovah’s Witness ... el/la testigo de Jehová
Jesus ... Jesús
Jew ... el judío / la judía
Judaism ... el judaísmo
judgment ... el juicio
Koran, Quran ... el Corán
Lord ... el Señor
mercy ... la misericordia
message ... el mensaje
messenger ... el mensajero /la mensajera
Messiah ... el Mesías
Mohammed ... Mahoma
morality ... la moralidad
muezzin ... el muecín
Muslim ... el musulmán /la musulmana
mysticism ... la mística, el misticismo
myth ... el mito
New Testament ... el Nuevo Testamento
nirvana ... la nirvana
Old Testament ... el Viejo Testamento
orthodox ... el ortodoxo / la ortodoxa
pagan ... el pagano / la pagana, el/la infiel
prophet ... el/la profeta
Protestant ... el/la protestante
Protestantism ... el protestantismo
psalm ... el salmo
purpose ... el propósito
Quaker ... el cuáquero / la cuáquera
redemption ... la redención, el perdón
Saint Peter ... San Pedro
Satan ... Satanás, Satán
savior el salvador / la salvadora
scripture ... la escritura
shame ... la vergüenza, la deshonra
soul ... el alma
spirit ... el espíritu
spirituality ... la espiritualidad
Talmud ... el Talmud
Taoism ... el taoísmo
theology ... la teología
Trinity ... la Trinidad
truth ... la verdad
vision ... la visión
vocation ... la vocación

(Verbs)
to believe (in) ... creer (en)
to canonize ... canonizar
to cross oneself ... santiguarse
to fast ... ayunar
to forgive ... perdonar
to kneel down ... arrodillarse
to ordain ... ordenar
to sanctify ... santificar
to save (a person)... salvar

Los adjetivos (Adjectives)
atheistic ... ateístico
biblical ... bíblico
blessed ... bendito
Buddhist ... budista
Catholic ... católico
charismatic ... carismático
Christian ... cristiano
divine ... divino
ethical ... ético
faithful ... fiel
heretical ... herético
holy ... santo, sagrado
Islamic ... islámico
Jewish ... judío
merciful ... misericordioso
Muslim ... musulmán/musulmana
mystical ... místico
orthodox ... ortodoxo
Protestant ... protestante
sacred ... sagrado
sinful ... pecaminoso
spiritual ... espiritual
theological ... teológico
transcendental ... trascendental

The Lord’s Prayer

Our Father, who art in heaven,
Hallowed be thy Name.
Thy kingdom come.
Thy will be done,
On earth as it is in heaven.
Give us this day our daily bread.
And forgive us our trespasses,
As we forgive those who trespass against us.
And lead us not into temptation,
But deliver us from evil.
[For thine is the kingdom,
and the power, and the glory,
for ever and ever.]
Amen.

Padre nuestro, que estas en el cielo, santificado sea tu nombre. Venga a nosotros tu
reino, hagase tu voluntad en la tierra como en el cielo. Danos hoy nuestro pan de cada día,
Perdona nuestras ofensas, como también nosotros perdonamos a los que nos ofenden. No
Nos dejes caer en la tentación y líbranos del mal. Tuyo es el reino, el poder y la gloria por
siempre, Señor. Amen

The Ten Commandments
1. You shall have no other Gods but me.
2. You shall not make for yourself any idol, nor bow down to it or worship it.
3. You shall not misuse the name of the Lord your God.
4. You shall remember and keep the Sabbath day holy.
5. Respect your father and mother.
6. You must not kill.
7. You must not commit adultery.
8. You must not steal.
9. You must not give false evidence against your neighbor.
10. You must not be envious of your neighbor's goods. You shall not be envious of his house nor his wife, nor anything that belongs to your neighbor.

Adjetivos o determinantes posesivos

Estos determinantes sirven para indicar la posesión del nombre al que acompañan. En inglés, los determinantes posesivos son estos:

My-mi (+nombre masculino o femenino singular o plural)
Ej.: My brother is clever. (Mi hermano es listo).
My sister is tall. (Mi hermana es alta).

Your-Tu(+nombre masculino o femenino singular o plural)
Ej.: Your brother is clever. (Tu hermano es listo).
Your sister is tall. (Tu hermana es alta).

His-Su, de él(+nombre masculino o femenino singular o plural)
Ej.: His brother is clever. (Su hermano es listo).
His sister is tall (Su hermana es alta).

Her-Su, de ella(+nombre masculino o femenino singular o plural)
Ej.: Her brother is clever. (Su hermano es listo)
Her sister is tall (Su hermana es alta)

Its-Su, de ello, animal o cosa(+nombre masculino o femenino singular o plural)
Ej.: Its brother is big (Su hermano es grande).
Its sister is big (Su hermana es grande).

Our-Nuestro/a, nuestros/as(+nombre masculino o femenino singular o plural)
Ej.: Our brother is clever (Nuestro hermano es listo).
Our sister is tall (Nuestra hermana es alta).

Their-Su, de ellos (+nombre masculino o femenino singular o plural)
Ej.: Their brother is clever (Su hermano es listo).
Their sister is tall (Su hermana es alta).

Basic Stuff

Today - hoy
Yesterday - ayer
Tomorrow - mañana

To Be - Ser-Estoy
El presente

I am Spanish. (yo soy español) We are happy. (nosotros/as somos felices )
You are American. (tú eres americano) You are American(vosotros/as sóis americanos/estáis)
He/ she/ it is in the house. (Él, ella, ello está en la casa) They are at school. (ellos están en la escuela).

El pasado

I was sick. (yo estaba enfermo) We were sick.
You were sick. You were sick (estabaís enfermo)
He was sick. She was sick. They were sick.

To Have - Tener

El presente

I have a sister (yo tengo una hermana)
You have a book. (tú tienes un libro)
He has five euros. (él tiene cinco euros)
She has two dogs. (ella tiene dos perros)
It has 200 pages ( tiene 200 páginas(el libro) )
We have ten euros. (nosotros/as tenemos)
You have a brother. (vosotros/as tenéis un hermano)
They have a big house. (ellos/as tienen una casa grande)

El pasado

I had a dog. We had a house.
You had a bike.
She/he had a bike. They had a dog.

To Go Ir

El presente

I go to school. (Voy a la escuela) We go to work. (vamos al trabajo)
You go to the store. (vas al la tienda) You go to school. (vaís a la escuela)
He/she goes to school. They go to work.

El pasado

I went to school. We went to work.
You went to the store.
He/she went to work. They went to the store.

Verbos Regulares
Estos verbos solo cambian en la tercera persona singular (he/she/it).

To Walk – caminar To Talk – hablar To Listen – escuchar to open - abrir
I walk to school. (camino a la escuela) We walk to work. (caminamos al trabajo)
You walk to the store. (caminas a la tienda) You walk to work. (caminaís al trabajo)
He walks to school. They walk to school.
I talk to you. (Te hablo)
He talks to you. (Él te habla)
He opens the book. (abre el libro)

El pasado
Solo se añade las letras “ed” al final del infinitivo:
I walked to shool. (caminé a la escuela) We talked.
You opened the book. (abriste el libro)
She listened to the radio. (escuchó la radio) They walked to work.

El futuro
Se usa el verbo “will” con cuerpo del infinitivo:
I will be happy tomorrow. We will be happy tomorrow
You will have five euros tomorrow.
He will have a book tomorrow.
They will talk to you tomorrow.
We will walk to school tomorrow.
They will open the book.

Saludos-Greetings

A parte de los tiempos verbales y del vocabulario básico, es también muy importante que sepas como saludar en inglés o qué decir en situaciones cotidianas. Aquí tienes los saludos que más se utilizan:

Hello/Hi- Hola
Good-bye- Adiós.
See you later/See you- Hasta luego, nos vemos, nos vemos luego.
Good morning- Buenos días.
Good afternoon- Buenas tardes (desde las doce hasta las siete).
Good evening- Buenas tardes-noches (desde las siete hasta las diez).
Good night- Buenas noches. (desde las diez hasta las doce).
How are you?- ¿Cómo estás?.
I am fine- Estoy bien.
What is your name?- ¿Cómo te llamas?
My name is Gary- Mi nombre es Gary.
How old are you?- ¿Cuántos años tienes?.
I am twenty-six years old- Yo tengo veintiséis años.

Días de la Semana

Monday - Lunes.
Tuesday - Martes.
Wednesday - Miércoles.
Thursday - Jueves.
Friday - Viernes.
Saturday - Sábado.
Sunday - Domingo.

Meses del Año

January - Enero.
February - Febrero.
March - Marzo.
April - Abril.
May - Mayo.
June - Junio.
July - Julio.
August - Agosto.
September - Septiembre.
October - October.
November - Noviembre.
December - Diciembre.


Estaciones del año- (Seasons of the year)

Spring-Primavera.
Summer-Verano.
Autumn/Fall-Otoño.
Winter-Invierno.

Los Números

One-Uno
Two-Dos.
Three-Tres.
Four-Cuatro.
Five-Cinco.
Six-Seis.
Seven-Siete.
Eight-Ocho.
Nine-Nueve.
Ten-Diez.
Eleven-Once.
Twelve-Doce.
Thirteen-Trece.
Fourteen-Catorce.
Fifteen-Quince.
Sixteen-Dieciséis.
Seventeen-Diecisiete.
Eighteen-Dieciocho.
Nineteen-Diecinueve.
Twenty-Veinte.

A partir del veinte, los números que le siguen son regulares: Twenty-one (veintinuno), twenty-two (veintidós)...así hasta el 30 (thirty), al que le sigue thirty-one (treintayuno), 40 (forty), 50 (fifty), 60 (sixty), 70 (seventy), 80 (eighty), 90 (ninety) y 100 (one hundred), 200, (two hundred), 300 (three hundred).....así hasta el 1000 (one thousand), 2000 (two thousand), 3000 (three thousand)...y así hasta 1 millón (one milion), 2 millones ( 2 milion)....

Aquí te damos algunos ejemplos:

181-One hundred and eighty-one.
1254-One thousand, two hundred and fifty-four.
65-sixty-five.
567-five hundred and sixty-seven.


Colores:

White-Blanco.
Orange-Naranja.
Yellow-Amarillo.
Red-Rojo.
Pink-Rosa.
Violet-Violeta, lila.
Blue-Azul.
Green-Verde.
Brown-Marrón.
Grey-Gris.
Black-Negro

Geography

Nouns:
Aqueduct … el acueducto
Archipelago … el archipiélago
area … el área , la zona
bay … la bahía
beach … la playa
border … la frontera
bottom … el fondo
bridge … el puente
canal … el canal
canyon … el cañón
capital (city)… la capital
city … la ciudad
clif … el acantilado, el precipicio
coast … la costa
coastline … el litoral
continent … el continente
copse … el soto, el bosquecillo
country (nation)… el país
country countryside (rural)… el campo
country road … la carretera secundaria,el caminito
creek … la cala, el riachuelo,el arroyo
dam … la presa, la represa, el dique
delta … el delta
desert … el desierto
dike … el dique
dune … la duna
earthquake … el terremoto
embankment … el terraplén
equator … el ecuador
eruption … la erupción
escarpment … la escarpa
estuary … el estuario
factory … la fábrica
farm … la granja
farmland … las tierras de labranza
field … el campo
fjord … el fiordo
flat … plano
fog … niebla
foot (of a … mountain, hill) … el pie
foothills … las estribaciones
forest … el bosque
freshwater … el agua dulce, el agua limpia
geyser … el géiser
globe … el globo terráqueo, el globo terrestre,la esfera terrestre
hamlet … la aldea, el caserío
harbor … el puerto
hemisphere … el hemisferio
hill … la colina, la loma
incline, gradient … la inclinación, la pendiente
inhabitant … el/la habitante
island … la isla
jungle … la jungla, la selva
lake … el lago
land … la tierra
lava … la lava
location … la situación, la posición, la ubicación, el lugar
map …el mapa
marsh, bog … el pantano, la ciénaga
meridian … el meridiano
mountain … la montaña
mountain range … la cordillera, la sierra
national park … el parque nacional
nature … la naturaleza
ocean … el océano
ocean floor … el fondo del mar
peak … el pico, la cumbre
peninsula … la península
plateau … la meseta, el altiplano
pole … el polo
province … la provincia
rain forest … la selva tropical
reef … el arrecife
region … la región
ridge … la cresta
river … el río
riverbank … la ribera del río
riverbed … el lecho del río
rock pool … la charca entre rocas
salt marsh … la marisma
salt water … el agua salada
sand … la arena
scenery … el escenario, la vista
sea … el mar
sea water … el agua de mar
seaside … el borde del mar
shore … la orilla del mar
slope … la pendiente, la gradiente
spring … la fuente, el manantial
steppe … la estepa
stream … el arroyo, la corriente
summit … la cima, la cumbre
territory … el territorio
tide … la marea
top (of hill, mountain) … la cima, la cumbre
tropics … los trópicos
tundra … la tundra
valley … el valle
volcano … el volcán
waterfall … la catarata, el salto de agua
wood(s) … el bosque
woodland … el bosque, la región boscosa
zenith … el zenit
zone … la zona

Verbs
to be located … localizarse, estar situado
to be situated … estar situado
to climb … subir (una montaña)
to erupt … erupcionar
to flood … inundar
to flow … fluir
to hail … granizar (hailstone = granizo, piedra de granizo)
to rain … llover
to snow … nevar

Active/Passive Voice

Active (Simple Forms)

Simple Present .... I drive
Simple Past .... I drove
Present Perfect .... I have driven
Past Perfect .... I had driven
will-future .... I will drive
Future Perfect .... I will have driven
Conditional I .... I would drive
Conditional II .... I would have driven

Active (Progressive/Continuous Forms)

Simple Present .... I am driving
Simple Past .... I was driving
Present Perfect .... I have been driving
Past Perfect .... I had been driving
will-future .... I will be driving
Future Perfect .... I will have been driving
Conditional I .... I would be driving
Conditional II .... I would have been driving

Passive (Simple Forms)

Simple Present .... I am driven (to school by my mother)
Simple Past .... I was driven
Present Perfect .... I have been driven
Past Perfect .... I had been driven
will-future .... I will be driven
Future Perfect .... I will have been driven
Conditional I .... I would be driven
Conditional II .... I would have been driven


The passive voice is used when we want to focus attention on the person or thing affected by the action. Normally, the performer of the action, or the agent, comes first and is made the subject of the verb and then we use the active form of the verb. The other person or thing is made the object of the verb. Consider these examples:

* 'The boss invited her to the party.'

* 'The construction company in Station Road employs three hundred people.'

However, if you want to focus on the person or thing affected by the action, you make the person or thing the subject of the sentence and use the passive voice:

* 'She was invited to the party by the boss.'

* 'Three hundred people are employed by the construction company in Station Road.'

The building was built in 1905.
The ball was kicked out of the school yard.

When, then, should we use the passive voice in preference to the active?

We often prefer to use the passive voice when:

1. We do not know who the agent is:

* 'I don’t know who did it, but my pet rabbit has been let out.'
* 'I had the feeling that I was being followed.'

instead of:

* 'I don’t know who did it, but someone has let out my pet rabbit.'
* 'I had the feeling that somebody was following me.'

2.When it is obvious to the listener or reader who the agent is:

* 'I had been instructed to remove all the ash trays.'
* 'She discovered that she was being paid less than her male colleagues.'

instead of:

* 'My boss had instructed me to remove all the ash trays.'
* 'She discovered that the firm was paying her less than her male colleagues.'

3. When it is not important to know who the agent is:

* 'Do you want a lift?' 'No thanks, I’m being collected (picked up).'

instead of:

* 'Do you want a lift?' 'No thanks, someone is collecting me.'

4. When the agent has already been mentioned:

* 'In the next session of parliament, new laws will be introduced aimed at stopping domestic violence.'

instead of:

* 'In the next session of parliament, the government will introduce new laws aimed at stopping domestic violence.'

5. When people in general are the agents:

* 'All the Beatles records can be borrowed from the central library.

instead of:

* 'You can borrow all the Beatles records from the central library.

Passive Voice:
Se rompen huevos para un tortilla. Eggs are broken for an omelet.
Se venden cigarros en la tabaqueria. Cigars are sold in the tobacco shop.

Se habla ingles aquí. English is spoken here.
Se come mucho arroz en China. They eat a lot of rice in China.(not passive voice) A lot of rice is eaten in China. (passive)