Comparatives and Superlatives

This is the biggest and best lesson on comparatives and superlatives…or at least as good as any lesson.

Los adjetivos tienen tres grados de comparación:

Grado positivo:

Joseph is smart.

José es listo.

Penelope is pretty.
George W. Bush is an idiot.

Grado comparativo:

His borther is smarter/cleverer.

Su hermano es más listo.

Barcelona is bigger than Valencia.

Bart is older than Lisa.

Grado superlativo:

Their sister is the smartest in the family.

Su hermana es la más lista de la familia.

Madrid is the biggest city in Spain.

New York is the biggest city the United States.
George W. Bush was the worst president in American history.

La mayoría de los adjectivos en inglés son como “Smart” y solo hay que añadir el sufijo.

Small      smaller      the smallest   (pequeño)

Green    greener      the greenest (verde)

Young    younger      the youngest (joven)

Old        older             the oldest

Con algunos hay que añadir otro consonante para guardar la pronunciación:

Fat         fatter            the fattest   (gordo) fatter

Thin       thinner          the thinnest (flaco)

Big         bigger          the biggest

Red        redder         the reddest
Sad        sadder         the saddest
Wet       wetter          the wettest (húmedo)

Con algunos hay que cambiar el vocal Y por I:

Easy        easier           the easiest (fácil)

Busy        busier          the busiest  (ocupado) (bizi se pronuncia)

Angry      angrier        the angriest  (enfadado)

Hungry    hungrier       the hungriest (hambriento)

Thirsty     thirstier      the thirstiest (sediento) 

Adjectivos irregulares:

·                     Good    better    best

·                     Bad     worse     worst

·                     Little    less       least

·                     Much (many)  more – most

·                     Far     farther    farthest (distancia literal: Paris is farther from Valencia than Madrid)

·                     Far   further    furthest (en el sentido figurative: Nothing could be further from the truth.)

Good        Better       the Best (Bueno  mejor   lo mejor)

Bad          worse        the worst (Malo  peor     lo peor)

Muchas veces estos adjetivos tienen más de dos sílabas (a veces no).

Expensive      more expensive     the most expensive (caro)

Beautiful        more beautiful        the most beautiful   (hermoso)

Modern

Hilarious (hilarante chistoso)

Interesting

Elegant

Difficult

Dangerous (peligroso)
Famous
Attractive
Exciting
Talented
Cómfortable
Uncómfortable 

·                     respectable   more respectable – the most respectable

·                     beautiful   more beautiful – the most beautiful

·                     preferable – more preferable – the most preferable

·                     hardworking – more hardworking – the most hardworking (trabajador)

Comparaciones de Igualdad

as ... as - tan ... como
not so ... as - no tan ... como
not as ... as - no tan ... como
(not) as much ... as - (no) tanto ... como
(not) as many ... as - (no) tantos ... como
the same ... as - la misma ... que

·  Bob is as tall as Joe.
Bob es tan alto como Joe.

·  Julia is not as beautiful as Magaret.
Julia no es tan hermosa como Margaret.

·  This is not as easy as you think.
Esto no es tan fácil como piensas.

·  We do not (don’t) drink as much wine as Tom.
No tomamos tanta cerveza como Tom.

·  I have not (haven’t) read as many books as you.
No he leído tantos libros como tú.

·  Mary is the same age as Jane.
Mary tiene la misma edad que Jane.

Examples:
 

The weather this February is (has been) better than it was last year. It was sunnier and warmer yesterday than it was one year ago.

Where is the best weather in Spain?

Will today be warmer than yesterday?

What was the hottest February in Valencia?