Friday, March 7, 2014

Past Tense Verbs (Irregular)

Part One

Verb Past Simple Past Participle
arise arose arisen       - surgir, presentarse
babysit babysat babysat   - cuidar niños
be was / were been       - ser/estar
beat beat beaten      -golpear
become became become    - volverse, convirtirse
bend bent bent          - doblar
begin began begun        - empezar
bet bet bet            - apostar
bind bound bound        - amarra, atar
bite bit bitten         - morder
bleed bled bled           - sangrar
blow blew blown        - soplar
break broke broken       -romper
breed bred bred           - reproducirse
bring brought brought       - traer
broadcast broadcast broadcast    - transmitir
build built built             - construir
buybought bought          - comprar
catch caught caught          - coger, atrapar, pillar
choose chose chosen          - elegir
come came come            - venir
cost cost cost              - costar
cut cut cut                - cortar
deal dealt dealt              - repartir (cartas) encargarse
dig dug dug                - cavar
do did done              - hacer
draw drew drawn             - dibujar
drink drank drunk              - beber
drive drove driven             - conducir
eat ate eaten               - comer
fall fell fallen                - caer
feed fed fed                   - alimentar
feel felt felt                   - sentirse
fight fought fought               - luchar
find found found               - encontrar
fly flew flown               - volar
forbid forbade forbidden         - prohibir
forget forgot forgotten           - olvidar
forgive forgave forgiven            - perdonar
freeze froze frozen               - congelar
get got gotten               5,000 sentidos
give gave given                - dar
go went gone                 - ir
grow grew grown               - crecer      
hang* hung hung                 - colgar, tender
have had had                  - tener
hear heard heard                - oír
hide hid hidden               - esconder
hit hit hit                      - golpear
hold held held                    - tener, agarrar
hurt hurt hurt                     - lastimar
keep kept kept                    - guardar
know knew known                 - saber
lay laid laid                      - extender, poner
lead led led                     - guiar
leave left left                      - dejar
lend lent lent                     - prestar
let let let                       - permitir
lie ** lay lain                      - echarse
light lit lit                        - iluminar
lose lost lost                     - perder
make made made                  - hacer
mean meant meant                  - querer decir
meetmetmet                      - conocer, quedar
pay paid paid                    - pagar
put put put                      - poner
quit quit quit                      - dejar
read *** read read                     - leer
ride rode ridden                  - montar
ring rang rung                     - sonar
rise rose risen                     - levantar
run ran run                        - correr
say said said                       - decir
see saw seen                       - ver
sell sold sold                        - vender
send sent sent                         - mandar, enviar
set set set                           -
shake shook shaken                     - sacudir, temblar
shine shone shone                       - brillar
shoot shot shot
show showed shown
shut shut shut
sing sang sung
sink sank sunk
sit sat sat
sleep slept slept
slide slid slid
speak spoke spoken
spend spent spent
spin spun spun
spread spread spread
stand stood stood
steal stole stolen
stick stuck stuck
sting stung stung
strike struck struck
swear swore sworn
sweep swept swept
swim swam swum
swing swung swung
take took taken
teach taught taught
tear tore torn
tell told told
think thought thought
throw threw thrown
understand understood understood
wake woke woken
wear wore worn
win won won
withdraw withdrew withdrawn
write wrote written
* HANG - Hang has two different meanings. The first is "to attach (or hang) something in a high position" (e.g. on the wall or on a hook). In this case we use the above verbs Hang-Hung-Hung.
BUT when Hang means "to kill someone by putting a rope around someone's neck and leaving them in a high position without any support", we use different verbs: Hang-Hanged-hanged. This verb is typical of public executions in the past. (e.g. They hanged him in the main square.)
** LIE - Lie has two meanings. When it means "to put your body in a horizontal position" (normally on a bed) it uses the Lie-Lay-Lain verbs.
BUT it is regular Lie-Lied-Lied when it has the other meaning of "not to say the truth".
*** READ - Even though they are written the same, the pronunciation is different in the Past Tense and Past Participle form.

Part Two

The following verbs can be regular or irregular:
Verb Past Simple Past Participle
burn burned OR burnt burned OR burnt
dream dreamed OR dreamt dreamed OR dreamt
learn learned OR learnt learned OR learnt
smell smelled OR smelt smelled OR smelt
The second form (burnt, dreamt etc.) is more common in British English.

Part Three

Verbs that have the same form in Present, Past and Past Participle form:
Verb Past Simple Past Participle
bet bet bet
broadcast broadcast broadcast
cut cut cut
hit hit hit
hurt hurt hurt
let let let
put put put
quit quit quit
read read read
set set set
shut shut shut
spread spread spread
All of the verbs above are written and pronounced the same in the three forms EXCEPT for Read which is written the same but pronounced differently.